HAS SECONDARY MORTGAGE MARKET PROMOTE HOUSE AFFORDABILITY? EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

Authors

  • Mega Dipta Praditya Directorate General of State Asset Management, MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v21i27.1283

Keywords:

Housing, securitization, asset backed securities, mortgage, yield, Indonesia

Abstract

The advantage of secondary mortgage market establishment to decrease housing cost, theoretically, had been mentioned frequently in domestic and international research. However, research on this matter in Indonesia is still limited to narrative descriptive. This research engages sequential explanatory design by utilizing empirical evidence from financial perspective to analyse the impact of securitization to the yield spread premium from monthly data ranging from June 2017-April 2021. In quantitative phase, this research found that either securitization volume or the launch of new series of asset backed securities (ABS) significantly affects mortgage rate, contrary to aggregate mortgage volume, prepayment risk, and yield curve risk. In the qualitative phase, it is explored that the reason of securitization’s stagnation is market unreadiness.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agatha, R. C., & Priana, W. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR), Dan Suku Bunga Kredit Konsumsi Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit Pemilikan Rumah (KPR) Bank BTN. OECONOMICUS Journal of Economics, 4(2), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.15642/oje.2020.4.2.89-103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15642/oje.2020.4.2.89-103

Ahmad, Fahmi S. (2020). Beberapa Variasi dan Aplikasi Model Regresi. Praktikum Ekonometrika, I Program Sarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor. Accessed from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3wOnT1dS-Y&list=PLeuYWCT-5YEJS6clo4hbKLiwQkkI6k4MJ&index=7

Amal, O. I. (2015). Analisis Pengaruh Kecukupan Modal, Likuiditas, Profitabiltasdan Risiko Kredit Terhadap Penyaluran KPR pada Bank Persero dan BUSN. Jurnal Akuntansi Akunesa, 3(2). https://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-akuntansi/article/view/12552

Amaratunga, D., Baldry, D., Sarshar, M., & Newton, R. (2002). Quantitative and qualitative research in the built environment: application of “mixed” research approach. Work Study, 51(1), 17–31. doi:10.1108/00438020210415488 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00438020210415488

Ananto, M. M., Prananingtyas, P., & Njatrijani, R. (2018). SEKURITISASI ASET OLEH PT. SARANA MULTIGRIYA FINANSIAL (PERSERO) DALAM BENTUK KONTRAK INVESTASI KOLEKTIF EFEK BERAGUN ASET (KIK-EBA). (Thesis of Universitas Diponegoro). Accessed from http://eprints.undip.ac.id/72367/

Anonym. (2021). Asia: Rankings by Country of Mortgage Interest Rate in Percentages (%), Yearly, for 20 Years Fixed-Rate (Salaries and Financing). Numbeo. https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/country_price_rankings?displayCurrency=USD&itemId=106&region=142

Astuti, F.W. (2011). Analisis Dampak Sekuritisasi Aset Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Kasus pada PT. XZY). (Master Thesis of Universitas Indonesia). Accessed from http://lib.ui.ac.id/file?file=digital/20280948-T21740-Analisis%20dampak.pdf

Benoit, Kenneth. (2011). Linear Regression Model with Logarithmic Transformations. London School of Economics, London, 22(1), 23-36. Accessed from https://kenbenoit.net/assets/courses/ME104/logmodels2.pdf

Christie, V. M., & Ayem, Sri. (2021). Penentu Tingkat Penyaluran Kredit Kepemilikan Rumah Bank Umum Konvensional. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains. 2(3), 476-483. http://jiss.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jiss/article/view/221/410 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36418/jiss.v2i3.221

Creswell, W.C., & Creswell, J.D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fifth Edition). SAGE Publication Inc.

Djati, Stefano R. R. (2017). Analisis Pengaruh ROA, NPL, Suku Bunga Bank Indonesia (BI Rate), dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi (GDP) terhadap Penyaluran Kredit KPR (Studi pada Bank Persero Periode 2011-2015). (Thesis of Universitas Diponegoro) Accessed from http://eprints.undip.ac.id/54893/

Doyoharjo, Angga. (2008). Sekuritisasi Aset sebagai Alternatif Sumber Pembiayaan Perumahan (Merubah Piutang Menjadi Surat Berharga). Wacana Hukum, VII (2), 32-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33061/1.jwh.2008.7.2.331

Gambro, M.S., Glick, A.H., Polverino, F., Quinn, P.T., & Schwartz, J.M. (2009). What are Covered Bonds and Why Should Anyone Care?. The Real Estate Finance Journal. Accessed from https://www.cadwalader.com/uploads/books/a976192969434c1c5dcc03301ffc125e.pdf

Harikusuma, R. M., & Ubed, R. S. (2020). PERAN PT SARANA MULTIGRIYA FINANSIAL DALAM LIKUIDITAS PEMBIAYAAN PERUMAHAN. Indonesian Rich Journal, 1(2), 73-90. https://doi.org/10.31092/irj.v1i2.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31092/irj.v1i2.9

Harun, M., & Othman, Y. H. (2007). Relationship between securitisation and residential mortgage market yields in Malaysia: a cointegration approach. International Journal of Management Studies, 14(1), 49-65. http://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/ijms/article/view/9820

Haryono, Erwin, (2021). SEKURITISASI ASET SEBAGAI SUMBER PEMBIAYAAN ALTERNATIF. Departemen Komunikasi Bank Indonesia. Accessed from https://www.bi.go.id/id/publikasi/ruang-media/news-release/Pages/sp_237521.aspx

Hill, R.C., Griffiths, W.E., & Lim, G.C. (2011). Principles of Econometrics Fourth Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Jameson, M., Dewan, S., & Sirmans, C. F. (1992). Measuring welfare effects of “unbundling” financial innovations: The case of collateralized mortgage obligations. Journal of Urban Economics, 31(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(92)90029-K DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(92)90029-K

Khasyanova, S. Y. E., & Samsonov, M. E. E. (2020). The estimation model of the mortgage securitization effect on banking business. Problemy Upravleniya, 3, 40-48. https://doi.org/10.25728/pu.2020.3.5

Kolari, J. W., Fraser, D. R., & Anari, A. (1998). The Effects of Securitization on Mortgage Market Yields: A Cointegration Analysis. Real Estate Economics, 26(4), 677–693. doi:10.1111/1540-6229.00761 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.00761

Labra, O., Castro, C., Wright, R., & Chamblas, I. (2019). Thematic Analysis in Social Work: A Case Study. In (Ed.), Global Social Work - Cutting Edge Issues and Critical Reflections. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89464 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89464

Lea, M.J., &Pollock, A.J. (1996). Indonesian Secondary Mortgage Facility: Issues and Responses. US Agency for International Development.

Lea, M.J., & Chiquier, L. (1999). Providing long-term financing for housing: the role of secondary markets. United Nations Development Programme.

Lehnert, A., Passmore, W., & Sherlund, S. M.. (2007). GSEs, Mortgage Rates, and Secondary Market Activities. The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 36(3), 343-363. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11146-007-9047-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11146-007-9047-5

Liu, B., & Skully, M. (2005). The determinants of mortgage yield spread differentials: Securitization. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 15(4-5), 314–333. doi:10.1016/j.mulfin.2005.04.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mulfin.2005.04.003

Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346

Naranjo, A., & Toevs, A. (2002). The Effects of Purchases of Mortgages and Securitization by Government Sponsored Enterprises. The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 25(2/3), 173–195. doi:10.1023/a:1016573608747. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.307804

Novianti, Dwi Indri. (2020). Analisis Indeks Harga Properti Residensial (IHPR), Suku Bunga Kredit, dan Instrumen Makroprudensial Loan To Value Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit Pemilikan Rumah (KPR) Periode 2012 – 2019. (Thesis of Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret) Accessed from https://digilib.uns.ac.id/dokumen/detail/80678/Analisis-Indeks-Harga-Properti-Residensial-IHPR-Suku-Bunga-Kredit-dan-Instrumen-Makroprudensial-Loan-To-Value-Terhadap-Penyaluran-Kredit-Pemilikan-Rumah-KPR-Periode-2012-2019

Passmore, W., Sherlund, S. M., & Burgess, G. (2005). The effect of housing government‐sponsored enterprises on mortgage rates. Real Estate Economics, 33(3), 427-463. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6229.2005.00125.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6229.2005.00125.x

Passmore, W., Sparks, R., & Ingpen, J. (2002). GSEs, mortgage rates, and the long-run effects of mortgage securitization. The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 25(2), 215-242. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016577809655 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016577809655

Payu, M.R.F. (2016). Metode Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) untuk Estimasi Parameter pada Model Regresi Linear Berganda dengan Galat Berautokorelasi. (Master Thesis of Institut Teknologi Bandung). Accessed from https://digilib.itb.ac.id/index.php/gdl/view/29317

Pradana, Agung Nurcipta. (2018). Pengaruh Equity, DPK, NPL, dan Suku Bunga Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah. (Thesis of STIE Perbanas Surabaya). Accessed from http://eprints.perbanas.ac.id/4691/

Prasetyowati, R. A.. (2013). Pentingnya Posisi Secondary Mortgage Facility (SMF) dan Efektivitas Sekuritisasi Kredit Kepemilikan Rumah (KPR) Perbankan di Masa Depan. Moneter: Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan, 1(1).

Primadhyta, Safyra. (2017). Kemenkeu Minta Bank ‘Pertebal’ Sekuritisasi. CNN Indonesia. Accessed from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20170907165740-78-240169/kemenkeu-minta-bank-pertebal-sekuritisasi-kpr/

PT. Sarana Multigriya Finansial (Persero). (no year). Peta Jalan. Accessed from https://smf-indonesia.co.id/korporasi/profil-perseroan/peta-jalan/

Rahma, Athika. (2021). SMF Tunggu Aturan OJK Terkait Pengembangan Layanan Kredit Konstruksi. Merdeka. Accessed from https://www.merdeka.com/uang/smf-tunggu-aturan-ojk-terkait-pengembangan-layanan-kredit-konstruksi.html

Rohman, Muchammad Atho'ur. (2020). Pengaruh Suku Bunga, Nilai Tukar Rupiah Terhadap Dolar, DPK, Dan Kredit Bermasalah KPR Terhadap Penyaluran KPR Pada Bank Di Indonesia (Studi Pada Bank Syariah Dan Bank Konvensional). (Thesis of Universitas Airlangga) Accessed from http://repository.unair.ac.id/id/eprint/96906

Sabry, F., & Okongwu, C. (2009). Study of the Impact of Securitization on Consumers, Investors, Financial Institutions and the Capital Markets. NERA Economic Consulting, 17. http://theilheimer.net/images/ASF_NERA_Report.pdf

Santoso, W., Soekro, S. R., Darmansyah, D., & Sihaloho, H. D. (2014). PEMANFAATAN SEKURITISASI ASET DALAM MENDORONG SEKTOR RIIL: ALTERNATIF PEMBIAYAAN UMKM. Buletin Ekonomi Moneter Dan Perbankan, 17(2), 221-239. https://doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v17i2.50 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v17i2.50

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta Bandung.

Tenaga Pengkaji Restrukturisasi, Privatisasi, dan Efektivitas Kekayaan Negara Dipisahkan (TPRPEKND). (2021). Optimalisasi Sekuritisasi Efek Beragun Aset pada PT. Sarana Multigriya Finansial. Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Negara.

Todd, S. (2001). The Effects of Securitization on Consumer Mortgage Costs. Real Estate Economics, 29(1), 29–54. doi:10.1111/1080-8620.00002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1080-8620.00002

Weiss, N.E. & Jones K. (2017). An Overview of the Housing Finance System in the United States. Congressional Research Service. Accessed from https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R42995.pdf

Regulations

Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 tahun 2005 tentang Penyertaan Modal Negara Republik Indonesia untuk Pendirian Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) di Bidang Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2005 Nomor 20).

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 75 Tahun 2011 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 5 tahun 2005 tentang Penyertaan Modal Negara Republik Indonesia untuk Pendirian Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) di Bidang Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2011 Nomor 163).

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 57 Tahun 2020 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 5 tahun 2005 tentang Penyertaan Modal Negara Republik Indonesia untuk Pendirian Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) di Bidang Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 229).

Peraturan Presiden Nomor 19 Tahun 2005 tentang Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2005 Nomor 21, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4479).

Peraturan Presiden Nomor 1 Tahun 2008 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 19 Tahun 2005 tentang Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan.

Peraturan Presiden Nomor 101 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 19 Tahun 2005 tentang Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan. (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2016 Nomor 266, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5962).

Peraturan Presiden Nomor 100 Tahun 2020 tentang Perubahan Ketiga atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 19 Tahun 2005 tentang Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan. (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 232, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6565).

Peraturan Menteri BUMN No. PER-10/MBU/2014 tentang Indikator Penilaian Tingkat Kesehatan BUMN Jasa Keuangan Bidang Usaha Perasuransian dan Jasa Penjaminan

Keputusan Menteri BUMN Nomor KEP-100/MBU/2002 tentang Tingkat Kesehatan Badan Usaha Milik Negara

Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 23/POJK.04/2014 tentang Pedoman Penerbitan dan Pelaporan Efek Beragun Aset Berbentuk Surat Partisipasi dalam Rangka Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2014 Nomor 358).

Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 18/POJK.03/2016 tentang Penerapan Manajemen Risiko bagi Bank Umum (Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5861).

Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 4/POJK.05/2018 tentang Perusahaan Pembiayaan Sekunder Perumahan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2018 Nomor 40).

Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 11/POJK.03/2019 tentang Prinsip Kehati-hatian dalam Aktivitas Sekuritisasi Aset bagi Bank Umum (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2019 Nomor 61).

Downloads

Published

2023-07-26

How to Cite

Dipta Praditya, M. (2023). HAS SECONDARY MORTGAGE MARKET PROMOTE HOUSE AFFORDABILITY? EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA. PLANNING MALAYSIA, 21(27). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v21i27.1283