TRAVEL MOTIVATIONS OF DOMESTIC TOURISTS TO PENANG, MALAYSIA

Authors

  • Yeoh Soon Hin Malaysian Tourism Promotion Board, UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
  • Badaruddin Mohamed School of Housing, Building & Planning, UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
  • Azizan Marzuki School of Housing, Building & Planning, UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
  • Sulisa Mohd Paisar School of Housing, Building & Planning, UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i33.1565

Keywords:

Domestic tourism, Penang, push and pull factors, travel motivation

Abstract

The services provided by those operating in the tourism industry, including destination managers, tourism strategists and tourism distributors, can be improved through a good understanding of the factors which prompt tourists to travel, or to opt for particular destinations. This study delves into the push and pull (P&P) theory, to identify the travel motivations (TMs) of domestic tourists, who visit the Malaysian state of Penang. A survey involving the participation of 504 domestic tourists, revealed these TMs as: (a) the natural sights and cultural experiences presented, (b) the gourmet dining and shopping attractions available, as well as (c) the quality tourist support infrastructure and services provided. It is our recommendation, that the findings derived through this investigation, be taken into consideration by local government officials and players in the Penang tourism industry, to enhance the quality of the tourism products available, as well as to promote the tourism products deemed most attractive to visitors.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aksoy, R., & Kiyci, S. (2011). A Destination Image as a Type of Image and Measuring Destination Image in Tourism (Amasra Case). European Journal of Social Sciences, 20(3), 478-488. http://acikarsiv.beun.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12628/3924

Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors Influencing Destination Image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657-681 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.01.010

Casey, D. (2024). Interview: Malaysia's Tourism Roars Back | Aviation Week Network. https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/airports-networks/interview-malaysias-tourism-roars-back

Camilleri, M. A. (2019). The Planning and Development of The Tourism Product. In Tourism Planning and Destination Marketing. Emerald Publishing Limited. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/9781787562912

Celik, S., & Dedeoglu, B. B. (2019). Psychological Factors Affecting the Behavioural Intention of The Tourist Visiting Southeastern Anatolia. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 2(4), 425-450. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-01-2019-0005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-01-2019-0005

Crompton, J. (1979). Motivations for Pleasure Vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6, 408–424. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5

Dann, G. M. (1977). Anomie, Ego-Enhancement and Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4(4), 184-194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(77)90037-8

Gitelson, R. J., & Kerstetter, D. L. (1990). The Relationship between Socio-Demographic Variables, Benefits Sought and Subsequent Vacation Behaviour. Journal of Travel Research, 28, 24–29 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759002800304

Happ, E., Hofmann, V., & Schnitzer, M. (2021). A Look at the Present and Future: The Power of Emotions in the Interplay Between Motivation, Expectation and Attitude in Long-Distance Hikers. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jdmm.2020.100527 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100527

Hasnizam, Ab, Dulhamid., Mohd, Isa., Badaruddin, Mohamed., Muhamad, Ferdhaus, Sazali. (2022). Motivational factors in influencing the international tourists travel to tourism attractions in penang. PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL, 20 doi: 10.21837/pm.v20i20.1075 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v20i20.1075

Jönsson, C., & Devonish, D. (2008). Does Nationality, Gender, and Age Affect Travel Motivation? A Case of Visitors to the Caribbean Island of Barbados. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 25(3–4), 398–408. doi:10.1080/10548400802508499 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400802508499

Kattiyapornpong, U., & Miller, K. E. (2009). Socio-demographic constraints to travel behaviour. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3(1), 81–94. doi:10.1108/17506180910940360 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17506180910940360

Klenosky, D. B. (2002). The “pull” of tourism destinations: A means-end investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 38(4), 411–416 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287502040004005

Khuong, M. N., & Ha, H. T. T. (2014). The Influences of Push and Pull Factors on the International Leisure Tourists’ Return Intention to Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam — A Mediation Analysis of Destination Satisfaction. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 5(6), 490. doi:10.7763/IJTEF. 2014.V5.421 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJTEF.2014.V5.421

Marrocu, E., & Paci, R. (2013). Different Tourists to Different Destinations. Evidence from Spatial Interaction Models. Tourism Management, 39, 71-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.10.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.10.009

Martaleni, M. (2017). International Research and Development for Human Beings. Malang: Irish Publishing.

Martaleni, M., Hadiyati, E., & Yasa, N. N. K. (2021). Role of Tourist Motivation as Mediating Variable on Visitor Decisions at Indonesian Tourism Village. Innovative Marketing, 17(3), 88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21511/im.17(3).2021.07

McIntosh, R. W., Goeldner, C. R., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (1995). Tourism Principles, Practices, Philosophies. New York: Wiley

Nengovhela, M., Tshipala, N., & Nyikana, S. (2017). Domestic Tourism in Practice: An Investigation of Vhembe District Municipality Residents’ Travel Motivations. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(4), 1-15.

Park, S., Hsieh, C., & MacNally, R. (2010). Motivations and Marketing Drivers of Taiwanese Island Tourists: Comparing Across Penghu, Taiwan and Phuket, Thailand. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 15(3), 305–317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2010.503622

Pearce, P.; Morrison, A.M., and Rutledge, J.L. (1998). Motivational Influences in Tourism Demand in Tourism: Bridges Across Continents. Sydney: McGraw-Hill.

PETACE (2019). Penang Tourist Survey 2018. Penang State Exco Office for Tourism, Arts, Culture & Heritage, Penang.

PETACE (2021). Penang Tourism Master Plan 2021-2030 for Penang State EXCO Office for Tourism and Creative Economy. The National Library of Malaysia. (ISBN- 978-967-19661-0-5)

Peters, K., Peters, J. & Peters, N. (2020). Visit People: Tourism Recovery after Disaster. Adelaide: KPPM Strategy. https://www.edaustralia.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/KPPM-Tourism-Recovery-Lit-Review-4-4-20.pdf

Pololikashvili, Z. (2019). International Tourism Continues to Outpace the Global Economy. UNWTO. Retrieved from https://www.unwto.org/international-tourismgrowth-continues-to-outpace-theeconomy.

Prayag, G., & Hosany, S. (2014). When Middle East Meets West: Understanding the Motives and Perceptions of Young Tourists from United Arab Emirates. Tourism Management, 40, 35–45. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2013.05.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.05.003

Sangpikul, A. (2008). A Factor-Cluster Analysis of Tourist Motivations: A Case of U.S. Senior Travellers. Tourism, 56(1), 23–40.

Sastre, R. P., & Phakdee-Auksorn, P. (2017). Examining Tourists’ Push and Pull Travel Motivations and Behavioral Intentions: The Case of British Outbound Tourists to Phuket, Thailand. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 18(4), 437-464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2016.1250242

Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (2007). Consumer Behaviour (9th ed.). New York: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Singh, S. (2009). Domestic tourism: Searching for an Asianic perspective. Domestic Tourism in Asia: Diversity and Divergence, London: Earthscan, 1-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849770057

Syed Darar, S. E., & Ismail, H. N. (2016). Tripographic Assessment of VFR Travel In Context of Malaysian Domestic Travelers. 14(4). https://doi.org/10.21837/PM.V14I4.150 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pmjournal.v14.i4.150

Trisha, N. (2020). Local tourists on the rise. https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/metro-news/2020/07/02/local-tourists-on-the-riseUNWTO (2010). International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008. New York: United Nations.

Zhang, Y., & Peng, Y. (2014). Understanding Travel Motivations of Chinese Tourists Visiting Cairns, Australia. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 21, 44–53. doi:10.1016/ j. jhtm.2014.07.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2014.07.001

Zimmer, Z., Brayley, R., & Searle, M. (1995). Whether to Go and Where to Go: Identification of Important Influences on Seniors’ Decision to Travel. Journal of Travel Research, 33, 3–8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759503300302

Downloads

Published

2024-08-26

How to Cite

Hin, Y. S., Mohamed, B., Marzuki, A., & Mohd Paisar, S. (2024). TRAVEL MOTIVATIONS OF DOMESTIC TOURISTS TO PENANG, MALAYSIA. PLANNING MALAYSIA, 22(33). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i33.1565

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 > >>