EXPLORING BANDUNG CITY ON FOOT: WHAT MOTIVATES TOURISTS TO JOIN WALKING TOURS?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i34.1579Keywords:
Walking Tour, Push and Pull Factors, Sustainable Tourism, Tourists’ Decision, Urban EnvironmentAbstract
Walking is a practical and popular tourist activity, but it remains underexplored in the field of tourism. Although extensive literature has been published on topics related to walking and walkability driven by public health, sustainability, livability, and urban design concerns, tourism sector requires deeper exploration, particularly in urban settings. Walking tourism has been observed to possess the capability to promote sustainable tourism. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of motivation on the decision of tourists to engage in walking tour in urban tourism areas of Bandung City, Indonesia. Data from 220 tourists and interviews with resource persons were subsequently analysed using multiple linear regression to assess the impact of push and pull factors on walking tourism decisions. The results showed that tourist motivation significantly influences walking tourism decisions. The motivating factors include physical health, pleasure and satisfaction, knowledge gained, and local community behaviour. Physical health and relaxation were considered crucial push factors, while tourists’ attractions and social media promotions were categorized as significant pull factors. This study provides valuable input for local governments and tourism agencies seeking to develop sustainable urban tourism destinations.
Downloads
References
Annisa, L. (2023). Walking tour sebagai strategi pengembangan wisata perkotaan. Warta Pariwisata, 21(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5614/wpar.2023.21.1.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5614/wpar.2023.21.1.01
Awaritefe, O. (2004). Motivation and Other Considerations in Tourist Destination Choice: A Case Study of Nigeria. Tourism Geographies, 6(3), 303–330. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461668042000249638 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1461668042000249638
Bhawana, R. S., Sari, N., & Utomo, D. M. (2019). Potensi Daya Tarik Wisata Sebagai Pengembangan Wisata Perkotaan Kota Malang. Planning for Urban Region and Environment, 7(2), 1–8.
Chandran, A., Kashyap, S., & Golla, S. B. (2021). Low Carbon Tourism: an Explorative Study on Walking Tours Fostering Responsible Tourism in Delhi. Atna Journal of Tourism Studies, 14(2), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.12727/ajts.22.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12727/ajts.22.2
Chapman, L. (2007). Transport and climate change: a review. Journal of Transport Geography. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2006.11.008
Cohen, S. A., Prayag, G., & Moital, M. (2014). Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities. Current issues in Tourism, 17(10), 872-909. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013.850064 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013.850064
Cooper, C. P. (1995). Tourism: Principles and Practice (3rd ed.). Longman.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Mixed Methods Procedures. In Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches.
Crompton, J. L. (1979). Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6(4), 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5
Dahiya, K. S., & Batra, D. K. (2016). Tourist decision making: Exploring the destination choice criteria. Asian Journal of Management Research, 7(2), 140-153.
Davies, N. J., Lumsdon, L. M., & Weston, R. (2012). Developing Recreational Trails: Motivations for Recreational Walking. Tourism Planning and Development, 9(1), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2012.653480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2012.653480
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1990). A Motivational Approach to Self: Integration in Personality. In Nebraska symposium on motivation (Vol. 38). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/21026291
Eugenio-Martin, J. L. (2003). Modelling Determinants of Tourism Demand as a five-stages process. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/146735840300400407 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/146735840300400407
Hadiwijoyo, S. S. (2012). Perencanaan Pariwisata Perdesaan Berbasis Masyarakat. Graha Ilmu.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Black, W. C., & Babin, B. J. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson; 7th edition.
Hin, Y. S., Mohamed, B., Marzuki, A., & Paisar, S. M. (2024). Travel Motivations of Domestic Tourists to Penang, Malaysia. Planning Malaysia, 22(33). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i33.1565 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i33.1565
Jackson, E. L., & Burton, T. L. (1989). Understanding Leisure and Recreation: Mapping the Past, Charting the Future. Venture Pub.
Janusz, G. K., & Bajdor, P. (2013). Towards to sustainable tourism–framework, activities and dimensions. Procedia economics and finance, 6, 523-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00170-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00170-6
Johnson, R. B., & Christenses, L. (2014). Educational Research Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Kemenparekraf. (2021). Destinasi Wisata Berbasis Sustainable Tourism di Indonesia. https://kemenparekraf.go.id/ragam-pariwisata/Destinasi-Wisata-Berbasis-Sustainable-Tourism-di-Indonesia
Kotler, P. (2013). Strategy Brand Management (14th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing Management (15th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Som, A. P. M., Marzuki, A., Yousefi, M., & Abu Khalifeh, A. N. (2012). Factors Influencing Visitors’ Revisit Behavioral Intentions: A Case Study of Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v4n4p39 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v4n4p39
Musthofa, B. M. (2023). Wisata Jalan Kaki sebagai Alternatif Aktivitas Wisata di Masa dan Pasca Pandemi Covid-19 di DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Terapan, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.7454/jsht.v5i2.1023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7454/jsht.v5i2.1023
Page, S. (1995). Urban Tourism. Routledge.
Pitana, I. G., & Gayatri, P. G. (2005). Sosiologi pariwisata: kajian sosiologis terhadap struktur. Sistem, dan Dampak-Dampak.
Prijadi, R., Sangkertadi, & Tarore, R. C. (2014). Pengaruh Permukaan Jalur Pedestrian Terhadap Kepuasan dan Kenyamanan Pejalan Kaki di Pusat Kota Manado. Media Matrasain, 11, 43-54. https://doi.org/10.35793/matrasain.v11i1.4984
Priono, Y. (2012). Identifikasi Produk Wisata Pariwisata Kota (Urban Tourism) Kota Pangkalan Bun sebagai Urban Heritage Tourism. Jurnal Perspektif Arsitektur, 7(2), 72–84. https://doi.org/10.36873/jpa.v7i02.841
Rabbiosi, C., & Meneghello, S. (2023). Questioning Walking Tourism from a Phenomenological Perspective: Epistemological and Methodological Innovations. Humanities (Switzerland), 12(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/h12040065 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/h12040065
Rachmadi, H. (2021). Model Pengambilan Keputusan Berwisata. Media Wisata, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.36276/mws.v14i2.249 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36276/mws.v14i2.249
Rahmiati, F., & Dani, A. N. (2020). Pengaruh Atribut Tujuan Terhadap Kepuasan Wisatawan: Studi Pada Walking Tourism. Jurnal Pariwisata, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.31294/par.v7i2.8728
Ram, Y., & Hall, C. M. (2018). Walking tourism in cities: introducing the special issue. In International Journal of Tourism Cities (Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 281–284). Emerald Group Holdings Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-09-2018-098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-09-2018-098
Rizal Alfisyahr, O., & Deasyana D, L. R. (2019). Faktor Pendorong dan Faktor Penarik dari Wisatawan Domestik di Kabupaten Malang, Indonesia. Media Bina Ilmiah, 14(3), 2217-2222. http://ejurnal.binawakya.or.id/index.php/MBI DOI: https://doi.org/10.33758/mbi.v14i3.325
Salusu, J. (1996). Pengambilan Keputusan Stratejik: untuk Organisasi Publik dan Organisasi Nonprofit. Grasindo.
Samuel. (2021). Pengaruh Kesadaran Wisatawan akan Destinasi dan Motivasi Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung di Taman Safari Indonesia Cisarua Bogor. Turn Journal, 1(2), 1-19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30591/3613
Shaikh, A. S., Dars, A., Memon, K., & Kazi, A. G. (2020). A Study of Factors Affecting Travel Decision Making of Tourists. Journal of Economic Info, 7(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.31580/jei.v7i1.1157 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31580/jei.v7i1.1157
Singh, K. K., Katewongsa, P., Wijaya, N., & Kwan, S. C. (2021). Green, Open Spaces and Transport for Healthy and Sustainable Cities in Asian Developing Countries. Malaysian Journal of Medicine & Health Sciences, (3).
Solikhah, N. (2024). Streamline Moderne: Perkembangan Gaya Modern Arsitektur Art Deco di Kota Bandung Tahun 1930-1950. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni, 8(1), 8-19. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v8i1.26428.2024
Tanjung, R., Munajat, M. D., & Novianti, E. (2022). Pengaruh Faktor Pendorong dan Penarik Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung ke Devoyage Bogor. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 3(7), 7059–7072.
Thompson, K. J. (2003). Urban Transport Networks and Overseas Visitors: Analysis of The Factors Affecting Usage and The Implications for Destination Management. University of Salford (United Kingdom).
UNWTO. (2011). Tourism Towards 2030.
Vural Arslan, T., Durak, S., Dizdar Gebesce, F., & Balcik, B. (2018). Assessment of factors influencing walkability in shopping streets of tourism cities: case of Bursa, Turkey. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 4(3), 330–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-11-2017-0071 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-11-2017-0071
Weston, R., & Mota, J. C. (2012). Low Carbon Tourism Travel: Cycling, Walking and Trails. Tourism Planning and Development, 9(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2012.658168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2012.658168
Wijaya, N., Nitivattananon, V., Shrestha, R. P., & Kim, S. M. (2020). Drivers and benefits of integrating climate adaptation measures into urban development: Experience from coastal cities of Indonesia. Sustainability, 12(2), 750. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020750 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020750
Yoon, Y., & Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism Management, 26(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016
Zakariya, K., Che Haron, R., Tukiman, I., Ab. Rahman, S. A., & Harun, N. Z. (2020). Landscape Characters for Tourism Routes: Criteria to Attract Special Interest Tourists to The Kuala Selangor – Sabak Bernam Route. Planning Malaysia, 18(14). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i14.843 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i14.843
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Copyright & Creative Commons Licence
eISSN: 0128-0945 © Year. The Authors. Published for Malaysia Institute of Planners. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
The authors hold the copyright without restrictions and also retain publishing rights without restrictions.
