INVENTORY OF CARBON EMISSIONS FOR NET ZERO EMISSION POLICIES IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR IN THE NEW CITY CENTER OF BANDA ACEH, ACEH, INDONESIA

Abstract

Carbon emissions, a major cause of global warming, predominantly originate from the transportation sector. Countries worldwide, including Indonesia, are committed to achieving Net Zero Emissions (NZE) by targeting a 29% to 41% reduction in emissions by 2030. As Aceh Province's capital, Banda Aceh strives to become a low-carbon city through various mitigation strategies. This study focuses on Mr Teuku Muhammad Hasan Street in the New City Center area of Banda Aceh, a high-traffic zone that significantly contributes to carbon emissions. The research aims to (1) measure vehicular CO2 emissions using traffic counting methods and (2) assess the CO2 absorption capacity of roadside vegetation along this route. Employing the IPCC 2019 Guidelines Tier 1 methodology, the study adopts a quantitative approach with spatial and descriptive analysis supported by field surveys and literature review. Findings indicate a residual emission of 2,676.17 tons of CO2 per year, unabsorbed by existing vegetation. Two key policies are proposed to support NZE goals: (1) increasing vegetation to enhance carbon sequestration and (2) optimizing public transportation, particularly the Trans Koetaradja bus service. Scenario analysis suggests that implementing these policies could reduce residual emissions by up to -114.29 tons CO2 per year, potentially transforming the area into a carbon-negative zone and advancing Banda Aceh's transition toward a low-carbon city.