ENHANCING BIM MANAGER PROFICIENCY: EXPLORING COMPETENCIES AND COMPETENCE LEVEL

Authors

  • Farah Salwati Ibrahim Department of Built Environment and Technology, Faculty of Built Environment, UiTM PERAK, SERI ISKANDAR CAMPUS
  • Muneera Esa School of Housing, Building and Planning, UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
  • Fatin Umaira Muhammad Azian Centre for Research in Development, Social & Environment, Faculty of Social Sciences & Huminities, UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v24i44.2262

Keywords:

Building Information Modelling, BIM Manager, Competency, Competence Level, Malaysia Construction Industry

Abstract

In effective BIM project delivery, BIM Managers' roles and responsibilities are pivotal across the project lifecycle, significantly influencing project performance. Despite this, no empirical studies have assessed BIM Manager proficiency in Malaysia's construction industry. This study addresses this gap by investigating required competencies and competence levels for BIM Managers in BIM environments. A concurrent mixed-methods approach provided comprehensive insights. Qualitative data from interviews with 8 BIM Subject Matter Experts underwent content analysis. Quantitatively, 58 BIM Managers completed a questionnaire on 8 competency sets comprising 57 items, analyzed descriptively. Triangulation enabled robust comparison, contrast, and synthesis of results. Findings classified competencies into four tiers: essential for expert level, requisite for advanced, ancillary for intermediate, and complementary for basic. Notably, 5 of 8 competency sets were deemed important at intermediate-to-expert levels, while 3 were basic-to-intermediate. This research advanced BIM Manager proficiency understanding by identifying novel competency sets and delineating competence levels. It enhances requirements for competent BIM Managers and supports developing skilled BIM talent for future industry needs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdelalim, A. M., Shawky, K., Alnaser, A. A., Shibeika, A., & Шериф, А. (2024). Developing Standard BIM Execution Plans for Complex Construction Projects. Preprints.Org. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1858.v1

Abdulqader, M., Alias, A. H. B., Haron, N. A., & Zuhri, M. Y. M. (2025). Advancing BIM Adoption in Malaysia’s Construction Industry: Overcoming Barriers and Enhancing Operations and Facility Management. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 20(9), 3673. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.200904

Abebe, K. D., & Tsehayae, A. A. (2024). Assessment of the Role of Project Management Technical and Behavioral Competencies in the Success of Construction Projects. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 12(2), 1448. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.58518

Adekunle, S. A., Aigbavboa, C., & Ejohwomu, O. (2022). Understanding the BIM actor role: a study of employer and employee preference and availability in the construction industry. Engineering Construction & Architectural Management, 31(13), 160. https://doi.org/10.1108/ecam-08-2021-0714

Ariffin, E. Y., Mustafa, N. E., & Sapri, M. (2023). Perspective towards the Perceived Benefits and Challenges on Building Information Modelling - Facility Management (BIM-FM) Integration at an Early Stage of BIM Projects. Malaysian Journal of Real Estate/International Journal of Real Estate Studies, 17(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.11113/intrest.v17n1.198

Ariyachandra, M. R. M. F., Jayasena, H. S., & Perera, B. A. K. S. (2020). Competencies Expected from an Information Manager Working in BIM Based Projects. International Journal of Construction Education and Research, 18(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1080/15578771.2020.1808123

Barison, M. B., & Santos, E. T. (2014). A Tool for Assisting Teachers in Planning BIM Courses. Computing in Civil and Building Engineering (2014), 2159. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413616.268

Benner, P. (1982). From Novice to Expert. AJN American Journal of Nursing, 82(3), 402. https://doi.org/10.2307/3462928

Charef, R., Emmitt, S., Alaka, H., & Fouchal, F. (2019). Building Information Modelling adoption in the European Union: An overview. Journal of Building Engineering, 25, 100777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100777

CIDB. (2017). BIM Guide 4: BIM Execution Plan (BEP). In Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia. Construction Industry Developmeny Board (CIDB) Malaysia.

CIDB, C. (2021). Malaysia Building Information Modelling (Bim) Report 2021.

CIDB, C. (2024). BIM Effectiveness Implementation in Construction Project, CIDB Technical Report Publication No. 2112.

Cucos, S., & Țurcan, R. (2025). Role Of the Construction Industry in Economic Growth and Sustainable Development. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2025.8(1).02

Fuzi, M. F. N. M., Salleh, H., & Loo, S. C. (2024). Addressing The Competency Of Practitioners Within Bim E-Submission in Malaysian Local Authorities. Planning Malaysia, 22. https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i33.1560

Gillies, A., & Howard, J. (2003). Managing change in process and people: Combining a maturity model with a competency-based approach. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 14(7), 779. https://doi.org/10.1080/1478336032000090996

Haron, A. (2021). Role & Responsibilities of BIM Manager in Public Project.

Hashim, M. Z., Othman, I., Khalid, N. S. M., Hassan, S. H., & Musa, M. K. (2024). Construction Players’ Awareness on the Use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Industrialized Building System (IBS) in Malaysian Construction Industry. In Lecture notes in civil engineering (p. 491). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1111-0_42

Institute, P. M. (2017). Project manager competency development framework. In CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research). European Organization for Nuclear Research.

Ismail, N. A. A., Chiozzi, M. A., & Drogemuller, R. (2017). An overview of BIM uptake in Asian developing countries. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1903, 80008. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011596

Kassem, M., Raoff, N. L. A., & Ouahrani, D. (2018). Identifying and analyzing BIM specialist roles using a competency-based approach. Creative Construction Conference 2018. Proceedings, 1044. https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2018-135

Mahamadu, A. M. (2016). Development of a decision support framework to aid selection of construction supply chain organisations for BIM-enabled project [University of the West of England, Bristol. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/29997/

Mahazir, M., Rahman, R. A., Zainudin, N. M., & Salleh, S. (2024). Construction Project Failure: Investigating Causes of Ineffective Building Information Modelling Execution Plans. Planning Malaysia, 22. https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i32.1492

Mamter, S., Nasruddin, N. S., Salleh, N. M., & Mamat, M. E. (2024). Adoption and Impact of Digital Transformation Tools among Fresh Graduate Quantity Surveyors in Malaysia. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 762. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.809067

Noor, R. N. H. R. M., Ibrahim, C. K. I. C., & Belayutham, S. (2021). Making Sense of Multi-Actor Social Collaboration in Building Information Modelling Level 2 Projects: A Case in Malaysia. Construction Economics and Building, 21(4). https://doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v21i4.7829

Olorunfemi, E., Oyekunle, L., Olanrewaju, O. I., & Olorunfemi, R. (2021). Competencies and the penetration status of building information modelling among built environment professionals in Nigeria. https://doi.org/10.26686/wgtn.14992089

Omer, M. M., Mohd-Ezazee, N. M. A., Lee, Y. S., Rajabi, M. S., & Rahman, R. A. (2022). Constructive and Destructive Leadership Behaviors, Skills, Styles and Traits in BIM-Based Construction Projects. Buildings, 12(12), 2068. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122068

PWD. (2014). Garis Panduan BIM JKR. Cawangan Pengurusan Projek Kompleks, JKR. https://fliphtml5.com/robul/npvg/basic

Rustam, A., Yasin, M. N., Zainuddin, M., Yusoff, K. N., & Kamil, N. A. (2024). A Review on Dominant Factors of Project Manager Competency in Various Implementations for the Construction Industry. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 1347(1), 12044. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1347/1/012044

Sampaio, A. Z., Azevedo, G., & Gomes, A. (2023a). BIM Manager Role in the Integration and Coordination of Multidisciplinary Projects. Preprints.Org. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1287.v1

Sampaio, A. Z., Azevedo, G., & Gomes, A. (2023b). BIM Manager: Responsibility, Coordination and Data Exchange Regulator. Preprints.Org. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202308.0994.v1

Succar, B., & Sher, W. (2014). A Competency Knowledge-base for BIM Learning. Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building - Conference Series, 2(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.5130/ajceb-cs.v2i2.3883

Succar, B., Sher, W., & Williams, A. (2013). An integrated approach to BIM competency assessment, acquisition and application. Automation in Construction, 35, 174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2013.05.016

Sujan, S. F., Jones, S., Kiviniemi, A., Wheatcroft, J. M., & Mwiya, B. (2020). Holistically assessing collaborative culture in the AEC industry. Journal of Information Technology in Construction, 25, 272. https://doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2020.016

Tajuddin, M. A., Mohamed, M. R., Rashid, M. N. A., Nasir, N. A. M., & Mahdzir, M. (2025). Barriers And Solutions of Building Information Modelling (BIM) In Construction Site Safety in Malaysia. Planning Malaysia, 23. https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v23i36.1733

Toyin, J. O., & Mewomo, M. C. (2023). Assessing the innovative skills and competencies required of construction management graduates. Organization Technology and Management in Construction an International Journal, 15(1), 90. https://doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2023-0002

Uhm, M., Lee, G., & Jeon, B. (2017). An analysis of BIM jobs and competencies based on the use of terms in the industry. Automation in Construction, 81, 67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.06.002

Wang, T., & Chen, H.-M. (2023). Integration of building information modeling and project management in construction project life cycle. Automation in Construction, 150, 104832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2023.104832

Wing, C. K., Raftery, J., & Walker, A. (1998). The baby and the bathwater: research methods in construction management. Construction Management and Economics, 16(1), 99. https://doi.org/10.1080/014461998372637

Downloads

Published

2026-10-07

How to Cite

Ibrahim, F. S., Esa, M., & Muhammad Azian, F. U. (2026). ENHANCING BIM MANAGER PROFICIENCY: EXPLORING COMPETENCIES AND COMPETENCE LEVEL. PLANNING MALAYSIA, 24(44). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v24i44.2262