LANDSCAPE ATTRACTIVENESS AND PLACE IDENTITY: CONSIDERING THE ROLE OF URBAN PARKS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i33.1537Keywords:
Landscape Attractiveness, Perceived safety, Place Identity, Time Spent in the Park, Different Urban ParksAbstract
Urban parks, vital public spaces for community health and well-being, also face challenges related to safety and security. Balancing the need for recreational spaces with ensuring safety is paramount for urban stability. However, existing research on the nexus between landscape attractiveness and perceived safety often overlooks the influence of factors such as park usage patterns, place identity, and park typologies. To address this research gap, we conducted a survey among 411 urban park users and employed SmartPLS and SPSS for data analysis. Our findings reveal a robust correlation between landscape attractiveness and perceived safety. Furthermore, we uncover that the combined influence of place identity and time spent in the park can serve as positive mediators in this relationship. Surprisingly, our analysis indicates that time spent in the park alone does not exert a significant mediating effect. Notably, our results highlight nuanced variations: the association between landscape attractiveness and place identity is particularly pronounced in parks with lower landscape attractiveness, while the mediating role of place identity on the relationship between park usage time and perceived safety is more pronounced in parks with higher landscape attractiveness. These findings contribute to our understanding of how urban park landscapes relate to perceived safety and provide new insights for improving the safety of urban parks, offering valuable insights for urban planners and public health policymakers in designing healthier urban environments.
Downloads
References
All-China Youth Federation. (2020). Articles of Association of All-China Youth Federation. Retrieved 13 Feb 2022 from http://acyf.cyol.com/gb/channels/eryjavDQ/index.html
Barker, A., Holmes, G., Alam, R., Cape-Davenhill, L., Osei-Appiah, S., & Warrington Brown, S. (2022). What Makes a Park Feel Safe or Unsafe? The views of women, girls and professionals in West Yorkshire. University of Leeds. https://www.makespaceforgirls.co.uk/resources/what-makes-a-park-feel-safe-and-unsafe
Barroso, A., González-López, Ó., Sanguino, R., & Buenadicha-Mateos, M. (2018). Analysis and Evaluation of the Largest 500 Family Firms’ Websites through PLS-SEM Technique. Sustainability, 10(2). https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.3390/su10020557 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020557
Bazrafshan, M., Spielhofer, R., Hayek, U. W., Kienast, F., & Grêt-Regamey, A. (2023). Greater place attachment to urban parks enhances relaxation: Examining affective and cognitive responses of locals and bi-cultural migrants to virtual park visits. Landscape and Urban Planning, 232, 104650. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104650 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104650
Böcker, L., Olsson, L. E., Uteng, T. P., & Friman, M. (2023). Pandemic impacts on public transport safety and stress perceptions in Nordic cities. Transportation research part D: transport and environment, 114, 103562. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2022.103562 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2022.103562
Bufquin, D., Park, J.-Y., Back, R. M., de Souza Meira, J. V., & Hight, S. K. (2021). Employee work status, mental health, substance use, and career turnover intentions: An examination of restaurant employees during COVID-19. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 93, 102764. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102764 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102764
Ceccato, V., & Nalla, M. K. (2020). Crime and fear in public places: Towards safe, inclusive and sustainable cities. Taylor & Francis. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21428/cb6ab371.4aca704d
Chen, X., & Marzbali, M. H. (2023). Review of the Impact of Urban Parks on Public Health during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Environment, June(2023), 165-192. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24191/myse.v0iJune.22679 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24191/myse.v0iJune.22679
Chin, W. W., & Dibbern, J. (2009). An introduction to a permutation based procedure for multi-group PLS analysis: Results of tests of differences on simulated data and a cross cultural analysis of the sourcing of information system services between Germany and the USA. In Handbook of partial least squares: Concepts, methods and applications (pp. 171-193). Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_8
Cozens, P., & van der Linde, T. (2015). Perceptions of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) at Australian Railway Stations. Journal of Public Transportation, 18(4), 73-92. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.18.4.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.18.4.5
Dasgupta, R., Basu, M., Hashimoto, S., Estoque, R. C., Kumar, P., Johnson, B. A., Mitra, B. K., & Mitra, P. (2022). Residents’ place attachment to urban green spaces in Greater Tokyo region: An empirical assessment of dimensionality and influencing socio-demographic factors. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 67, 127438. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127438 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127438
Egea-Cariñanos, P., Calaza-Martínez, P., López Roche, D., & Cariñanos, P. (2024). Uses, attitudes and perceptions of urban green spaces according to the sociodemographic profile: An exploratory analysis in Spain. Cities, 150, 104996. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.104996 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.104996
Ginting, N., Nasution, A. D., & Rahman, N. V. (2017). More Attractive More Identified: Distinctiveness in Embedding Place Identity. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 37, 408-419. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2017.03.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2017.03.006
Gwedla, N., Shackleton, C. M., & Olvitt, L. (2024). Comparing perceptions of barriers to tree planting in domestic and public spaces of low-income neighbourhoods in small to medium-sized South African towns. Cities, 147, 104776. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104776 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104776
Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer Nature. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hami, A., & Emami, F. (2015). Spatial quality of natural elements and safety perception in urban parks. International conference on agricultural, ecological and medical sciences (AEMS-2015) Feb. 10-11, 2015 Penang (Malaysia),
Hedayati Marzbali, M., Abdullah, A., Ignatius, J., & Maghsoodi Tilaki, M. J. (2016). Examining the effects of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) on Residential Burglary. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 46, 86-102. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2016.04.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2016.04.001
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In New Challenges to International Marketing (pp. 277-319). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/s1474-7979(2009)0000020014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014
Hosseinalizadeh, S., Mahmoud, I. H., & Morello, E. (2022). A deduced method for assessing safety and security perception: case study of Biblioteca Degli Alberi Park in Milan, Italy. In Nature-based Solutions for Sustainable Urban Planning: Greening Cities, Shaping Cities (pp. 199-232). Springer. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89525-9_8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89525-9_8
Jackson, J. (2009). A psychological perspective on vulnerability in the fear of crime. Psychology, Crime & Law, 15(4), 365-390. https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160802275797 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160802275797
Kang, H., & Huh, S. (2021). Sample size determination and power analysis using the G*Power software. jeehp, 18(0), 17-10. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.17 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.17
Kiplagat, A. K., Koech, J. K., Ng'etich, J. K., Lagat, M. J., Khazenzi, J. A., & Odhiambo, K. O. (2022). Urban green space characteristics, visitation patterns and influence of visitors’ socio-economic attributes on visitation in Kisumu City and Eldoret Municipality, Kenya. Trees, Forests and People, 7, 100175. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2021.100175 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2021.100175
Li, X., Zhang, X., & Jia, T. (2023). Humanization of nature: Testing the influences of urban park characteristics and psychological factors on collegers’ perceived restoration. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 79, 127806. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127806 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127806
Lin, D., Sun, Y., Yang, Y., Han, Y., & Xu, C. (2023). Urban park use and self-reported physical, mental, and social health during the COVID-19 pandemic: An on-site survey in Beijing, China. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 79, 127804. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127804 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127804
Lis, A., Zalewska, K., Pardela, Ł., Adamczak, E., Cenarska, A., Bławicka, K., Brzegowa, B., & Matiiuk, A. (2022). How the amount of greenery in city parks impacts visitor preferences in the context of naturalness, legibility and perceived danger. Landscape and Urban Planning, 228, 104556. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104556 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104556
Lomas, M. J., Ayodeji, E., & Brown, P. (2023). Imagined places of the past: the interplay of time and memory in the maintenance of place attachment. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04421-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4141419
Luyk, F. (2022). Exploring the Effects of Lighting and Permeability of Vegetation on Perceived Safety and Perceived Restorativeness in Urban Parks at Nighttime [Thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology]. Eindhoven.
Ma, B. (2021). Study on the formation and evaluation of multi-scale landscape quality of typical towns forest in Beijing [PHD thesis, Beijing Forestry University]. Beijing.
Mak, B. K. L., & Jim, C. Y. (2018). Examining fear-evoking factors in urban parks in Hong Kong. Landscape and Urban Planning, 171, 42-56. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.11.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.11.012
Mak, B. K. L., & Jim, C. Y. (2022). Contributions of human and environmental factors to concerns of personal safety and crime in urban parks. Security Journal, 35(1), 263-293. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41284-020-00277-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41284-020-00277-9
Mao, Z., Wang, W., Ren, Z., Zhang, D., & He, X. (2022). Recreational Attractiveness of Urban Parks and Implications for Their Management: A Case Study in Changchun, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 32(3), 456-466. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-022-1273-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-022-1273-5
Morgan, J. D., Snyder, J. A., Evans, S. Z., Evans, J., & Greller, R. (2017). Mapping perceptions of safety in parks. The Florida Geographer, 49.
Powers, S. L., Webster, N., Agans, J. P., Graefe, A. R., & Mowen, A. J. (2022). Engagement, representation, and safety: Factors promoting belonging and positive interracial contact in urban parks. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 69, 127517. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127517 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127517
Qi, T., Zhang, G., Wang, Y., Liu, C., & Li, X. (2017). Research on landscape quality of country parks in Beijing as based on visual and audible senses. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 26, 124-138. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2016.12.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2016.12.007
Rosenbluth, A., Ropert, T., Rivera, V., Villalobos, M., Molina, Y., & Fernández, I. C. (2024). Between Struggle, Forgetfulness, and Placemaking: Meanings and Practices among Social Groups in a Metropolitan Urban Park. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0761.v1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0761.v1
Sabri, S. A. M., & Ponrahono, Z. (2024). GREENING THE CITY: CRITERIA AND INDICATORS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SMALL URBAN PARKS IN PROMOTING URBAN RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE. Planning Malaysia, 22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i30.1430
Salleh, M. Z. M., Othman, N., Abd Malek, N., & Suddin, L. S. (2022). A paradoxical proposition of connectedness to nature, recycling behaviour and psychological restoration relationship in urban park context: A path analysis evidence. Planning Malaysia, 20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v20i20.1082 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v20i20.1082
Shadi, B., Hamidreza, A., Bahram Saleh, S., & Shina Sad, B. (2024). On The Study Of Environmental Factors Affecting Stress Reduction For Young Users In Local Small Urban Parks: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Journal of Advanced Zoology, 45(2), 1001 - 1009. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.53555/jaz.v45i2.4046
Shobri, N. I. M., Rahman, N. A., & Saman, N. H. M. (2021). Stressed adult’s preferences for outdoor recreational activity in urban parks. Planning Malaysia, 19. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v19i16.962 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v19i16.962
Sreetheran, M., & van den Bosch, C. C. K. (2014). A socio-ecological exploration of fear of crime in urban green spaces – A systematic review. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 13(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2013.11.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2013.11.006
Sun, P., Liu, P., & Song, Y. (2024). Seasonal variations in urban park characteristics and visitation patterns in Atlanta: A big data study using smartphone user mobility. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 91, 128166. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2023.128166 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2023.128166
The State Council of China. (2021). Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and Vision 2035 of the People's Republic of China. Beijing: Chinese Government Network Retrieved from https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-03/13/content_5592681.htm?eqid=a14468700001730f000000026480655e
Vannoppen, A., Degerickx, J., & Gobin, A. (2021). Evaluating Landscape Attractiveness with Geospatial Data, A Case Study in Flanders, Belgium. Land, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/land10070703 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/land10070703
Wei, H., Li, T., Zhang, M., Song, W., & Cheng, K. (2022). Landscape Quality Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Scenic Forest in Qinhuangdao Seaside National Forest Park. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 51(03), 145-151. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.16473/j.cnki.xblykx1972.2022.03.020
Zhao, Y., van den Berg, P. E. W., Ossokina, I. V., & Arentze, T. A. (2024). How do urban parks, neighborhood open spaces, and private gardens relate to individuals’ subjective well-being: Results of a structural equation model. Sustainable Cities and Society, 101, 105094. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.105094 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.105094
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Copyright & Creative Commons Licence
eISSN: 0128-0945 © Year. The Authors. Published for Malaysia Institute of Planners. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
The authors hold the copyright without restrictions and also retain publishing rights without restrictions.
