HOUSING AFFORDABILITY STRESS AMONG THE MIDDLE- INCOME (M40) GROUP IN JOHOR BAHRU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v21i27.1296Keywords:
Affordability, housing stress, middle income group (M40), income, housing priceAbstract
A house as a place of residence plays an important role towards sustainable development and in improving the wellbeing of the population. The issue of housing, especially the supply and demand of low and low-medium cost housing in cities, rising house prices, quality of housing as well as housing stress has shown that housing is a critical issue that must be addressed. Housing stress usually refers to financial constraints, the reason for the inability to manage the cost of home ownership and housing expenses. Yet financial burden is not the only factor that can contribute to housing stress. There are two types of housing stress, namely physical and emotional factors that may impact negatively on the lives of residents. This paper discusses the affordability housing stress among the middle-income group (M40) that may contribute to housing stress based on a survey of 100 residents of the M40 group in Johor Bahru. The paper discusses the ability of households to rent or buy a house by considering affordable prices, the ability to repay financing, and sufficient income to meet the basic needs of life and a household.
Downloads
References
Abdul-Aziz, A. R. & Kassim, P. J. 2011, Objectives, success and failure factors of housing public–private partnerships in Malaysia, Habitat International, 35(1), pp. 150-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2010.06.005
Baqutayan, D.S.M.S. 2014, The Affordable Housing Stress among Middle-Income Group, IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), Volume 19 (Issue 7), pp. 82-90, Retrieved from www.iosrjournals.org. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-19748290
Baqutayan, S., Ariffin, A. S., & Raji, F. (2016). Affordable housing policy: Issues and challenges among middle-income groups.'International Journal of Social Science and Humanity,'6(6), 433. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJSSH.2016.V6.686
Bourassa, S.C. 1995, Measuring the affordability of Home-ownership, Urban Studies, pp.1867-1877. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098966420
Bujang, A.A., Zarin, H.A. & Agus, M.R. 2008, Urban housing ownership: factors influenced the problems faced by the Bumiputera in the district of Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Johor Bharu: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Coskun, Y. 2020, Measuring homeownership affordability in emergent market context: an exploratory analysis for Turkey, Emerald Insight, pp. 1753-8270, doi:10.1108/ijhma- 04-2020-0033.
Crowley, S. 2003, The Affordable Housing Crisis: Residential Mobility of Poor Families and School Mobility of Poor Children, The Journal of Negro Education, pp. 22-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3211288
Daniel, L. & Baker, E. 2018, Housing Affordability Stress Affects One In Nine Household, But Which Ones Are Really Struggling? The Conversation, Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/housing-affordability-stress-affects-one-in-nine- households-but-which-ones-are-really-struggling-96103.
Holt, R. 2007, Issues: Housing, US.
Hulse, K. & Pawson, H. 2010, Worlds apart? Lower-income households and private renting in Australia and the UK, International Journal of Housing Policy, 10(4), pp. 399-419. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616718.2010.526403
Hassan, I. M. C., Aziz, F. A., Bakar, N. A. A., & Ahmad, N. (2019). Housing Affordability of Middle Income Households in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 4(3), 185-191.
Ismail, A. 2015, Pembiayaan Perumahan Golongan Bumiputera Di Iskandar Malaysia,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Ismail A., A.A. Bujang , M.N. Jaafar , W.R. Anthony Jiram & Wijayaningtyas M. Housing Affordability Stress: A Literature Survey and Some Evidence From Malaysia. JURNAL KEMANUSIAAN. 18: 1 (2020) 53–57
Ismail, S. 2019, Agenda Perumahan : Peranan Kerajaan, Pasaran Dan Masyarakat : Sebuah Laporan Khas Bagi Penggubalan Dasar Perumahan Negara (2018 – 2025), Malaysia, Retrieved from Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur: Khazanah Research Institute.
Jabatan Perumahan Negara, K.P.d.K.T. 2018, Dasar_Perumahan_Negara_2018-2025, Retrieved from https://www.kpkt.gov.my/
Kamaruzzaman, S.N.B., Jamaluddin, N.B., Abdullah, Y.A., Hamdan, H., Ali, A.S.B., Azmi,
N.F. B. & Chua, S.J.L. 2016, Encapsulating the delivery of affordable housing: An overview of Malaysian practice, MATEC Web of Conferences, 66, doi:10.1051/matecconf/20166600047. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20166600047
Karim, L.A.A. & Adnan, A.S. 2019, Kerajaan Rangka Dasar Perumahan Mampu Milik Negara untuk B40, Berita Harian Online, Retrieved from https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2019/01/525017/kerajaan-rangka-dasar- perumahan-mampu-milik-negara-untuk-b40.
Kasmori, S.R.B. 2018, Kemampuan Perumahan M40 Dalam Program Rumah Mampu Milik, (Ijazah Sarjana Sains Harta Tanah), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Kim, K.-H. & Suh, S.H. 1993, Speculation and Price Bubbles in the Korean and Japanese Real Estate Markets, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, pp. 73-87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01098429
Kutty, N.K. 2005, A new measure of housing affordability: Estimates and analytical results, Housing Policy Debate, 16 (February), pp. 113–142, doi:10.1080/10511482.2005.9521536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2005.9521536
Lateef, A. & Idrus, A. 2019, What is determining affordable housing shortages in the Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia? Property Management, 38(1), pp. 52-81, doi:10.1108/pm- 05-2019-0025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/PM-05-2019-0025
Majid, R., Said, R. & Daud, M.N. 2012, The Impact Of Buyers? Demography On Property Purchasing, Journal of Surveying, Construction and Property, 3(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/jscp.vol3no2.1
McCord, M., McGreal, S., Berry, J., Haran, M. & Davis, P. 2011, "The Implications Of Mortgage Finance On Housing Market Affordability", International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 394-417. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17538271111172175
Negara, J.P. 2019, Dasar_Perumahan_Mampu_Milik Negara, Retrieved from Persiaran Perdana, Putrajaya.
Pelan Strategi Majlis Bandaraya Johor Bahru 2016-2020, 2015, Retrieved from https://www.mbjb.gov.my/sites/default/files/pelan_strategik_mbjb_2016_2020_1.pdf. Rosliana M., Zaimah, R. & Sarmila, S.M. 2020, Kemampuan Pemilikan Rumah dalam Kalangan M40 di Malaysia, Akademika, Volume 90, doi:10.17576/akad-2020-90IK1-05.
Samad, D., Zainon, N., Rahim, F.A., Lou, E., & Karim, S.B. (2016). Malaysian Affordability Housing Policies Revisited 2016, Malaysian Affordability Housing Policies Revisited, MATEC Web of Conferences, 66. doi:10.1051/matecconf/20166600010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20166600010
Shazreen, A, Shohaim.N.D, Ismail. I, Jumadi. N, Noor, N.A.M., & Rahman, M.S.A. 2019, Housing Affordability Stress Among Generation-Y In Johor Bahru Malaysia, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, Volume 8 (Issue 8).
Suhaida, M. S., Tawil, N. M., Hamzah, N., Che-Ani, A. I., Basri, H., & Yuzainee, M. Y. (2011). Housing affordability: A conceptual overview for house price index. Procedia Engineering, 20, 346-353 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.176
The Standard Bank of South Africa, 2010.
Tukiman, N. 2014, Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Masalah Pemilikan Rumah Mampu Milik Menerusi Prima, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Vu, Q.N. 2017, The Effect Of Rent Increases On Housing Stress In Australia, National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling (NATSEM).
Woon, A.O.a.T.C. 2017, An exploration of determinants of affordable housing choice, Emerald Insight, volume 10 (affordable housing supply in Malaysia are that of shortage and distributions), pp. 703-723, doi:10.1108/IJHMA-11-2016-0074. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-11-2016-0074
Yates, J. 2007, Housing Affordability and Financial Stress, National Research Venture 3, Research Paper No. 6, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.
Yusof, N. 2019, Faktor Penyumbang kepada Tekanan Perumahan di Kawasan Perumahan Kos Rendah dan sederhana di Pulau Pinang, Kemanusian, Volume 26, pp. 143-171, doi:10.21315/kajh2019.26.1.6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21315/kajh2019.26.1.6
Zamri, A.M. 2020, Homeownership Gaps among the Middle Income Group in Malaysia, Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy, 5(2).
Zulkepli, M.B. 2011, Pembangunan Model Penentuan Keperluan Perumahan, Kajian Kes: Johor Bahru, Malaysia, (Ijazah Sarjana Sains Pengurusan Harta Tanah dan Fasiliti), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Copyright & Creative Commons Licence
eISSN: 0128-0945 © Year. The Authors. Published for Malaysia Institute of Planners. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
The authors hold the copyright without restrictions and also retain publishing rights without restrictions.
