ACCESSIBILITY TO WORKPLACE AND HOUSING LOCATION CHOICE AMONG THE LOW-INCOME GROUP: A CASE STUDY OF PULAU PINANG, MALAYSIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v22i30.1426Keywords:
Accessibility, Low-income households, Housing location choiceAbstract
When deciding where to reside, households must consider several factors of accessibility, including proximity to their workplace and other aspects of accessibility that are necessary for their family. This study aims to examine job accessibility, evaluate the extent of accessibility, and identify the specific type of accessibility that low-income groups prioritise when choosing where they want to reside. A total of 306 respondents from the Pulau Pinang eKasih list for 2016 were chosen to participate in the survey using the quantitative approach. The study established a correlation between the availability of career opportunities and the decision-making process involved in selecting a residential area. In addition, the accessibility to the city centre and supermarkets are identified as significant variables in determining the choice of home site. Nevertheless, the degree of accessibility on the island part of Pulau Pinang is not consistent. The southwest district has a lower level of accessibility to the city centre and supermarkets in comparison to the northeast district. The authorities should formulate a strategy to attain a balanced and harmonic state between housing growth and the average distance to job locations, city centres, and supermarkets. By strategically planning home building in appropriate locations, the quality of life, especially for low-income households, would be improved.
Downloads
References
Ao, Y., Yang, D., Chen, C., & Wang, Y. (2019). Effects of rural built environment on travel-related CO2 emissions considering travel attitudes. Transportation Research Part D 73, 187-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.07.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.07.004
Celhay, P., & Gil, D. (2020). The function and credibility of urban slums: evidence on informal settlements and affordable housing in Chile. Cities, 99, 102605, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102605. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102605
Cerdá, A., 2009. Accessibility: A Performance Measure for Land-use and Transportation Planning in the Montréal Metropolitan Region. Supervised Research Project Report. School of Urban Planning, McGill University, Montreal.
Dai, D., & Wang, F. (2011). Geographic disparities in accessibility to food stores in Southwest Mississippi. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 38(4), 659-677. https://doi.org/10.1068/b36149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/b36149
Duncan, M. (2011). The cost-saving potential of carsharing in a US context. Transportation, 38(2), 363-382. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-010-9304-y
Embong, A. R. (2011). Pembandaran dan kehidupan bandar di Semenanjung Malaysia. Akademika, 81(2), 23-39.
Ferlan, N., Bastic, M., & Psunder, I. (2017). Influential factors on the market value of residential properties. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 28(2), 135–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.28.2.13777. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.28.2.13777
Grajeda, E., & Ward, P. (2011). Inheritance and succession in informal settlements of Latin American cities: a Mexican case study. Latin America Research Review, 139-162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/lar.2012.0057
Grandboulevard Initiative. (2013). Jobs-Housing Balance and Fit. Retrieved from Grandboulevard Initiative: People Friendly Places: https://grandboulevard.net/housing/jobs-housing-balance-and-fit. Accessed on 23rd February 2023
Hu, L., & Wang, L. (2017). Housing location choices of the poor: Does access to jobs matter? Housing Studies, 34(10), 1721-1745. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2017.1364354
Jones Lang Lasalle IP Inc. (2020, Julai 31). Housing needs and resident preferences across Europe during Covid-19. https://residential.jll.co.uk/insights/research/ housing-needs-and-resident-preferences-across-europe-during-covid-19
Khazanah Research Institute. (2019). Agenda perumahan: peranan kerajaan, pasaran dan masyarakat; sebuah laporan khas bagi penggubalan dasar perumahan negara (2018-2025), Malaysia. Institut Penyelidikan Khazanah.
Kompil, M., Jacobs-Crisioni, C., Dijkstra, L., & Lavalle, C. (2019). Mapping accessibility to generic services in Europe: A market-potential based approach. Sustainable Cities and Society, 47(2019), 101372, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.scs.2018.11.047. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.11.047
Larsson, A., Ellder, E., Vafeiadis, E., Curtis, C., & Steiner, A. (2022). Exploring the potential for sustainable accessibility across settlement types: a Swedish case. Transportation Research Part D 107, 103297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2022.103297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2022.103297
Lee, C. (2020). Metropolitan sprawl measurement and its impacts on commuting trips and road emissions. Transportation Research Part D 82, 102329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102329. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102329
Ling, Oliver & Mansor, Nurul & Mohamed Musthafa, Siti. (2016). The housing preference of young people in Malaysian urban areas: A case study Subang Jaya, Selangor. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 12. 60-74.
Lu, J., Li, H., & Xu, M. (2022). Does haze aggravate urban sprawl? Habitat International 130, 102709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2022.102709. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2022.102709
McGee, T. (2013). 9 The Emergence of Desakota Regions in Asia: Expanding a Hypothesis. In N. Brenner (Ed.), Implosions /Explosions: Towards a Study of Planetary Urbanization (pp. 121-137). Berlin, Boston: JOVIS Verlag GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783868598933-010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783868598933-010
Mohd Daud, M., Rosly, S., & Muhammad Sori, Z. (2023). Determinants of investment to attract investment in affordable housing projects in Malaysia. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, Volume 21, Issue 6, 297-312. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v21i30.1402
Mok, O. (2016). Massive projects in place to alleviate urbanisation in Penang. https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2016/10/29/massive-projects-in-place-to-alleviate-urbanisation-in-penang/1238453. Accessed on 14th December 2021.
Morris, E., Blumenberg, E., & Guerra, E. (2020). Does lacking a car put the brakes on activity participation? Private vehicle access and access to opportunities among low-income adults. Transportation Research Part A 136, 375-397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.tra. 2020.03.021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.03.021
Padawangi, R. (2018). Routledge handbook of urbanisation in Southeast Asia. Abingdon: Routledge Handbooks Online. Accessed on 28th February 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315562889
Peng, X., Chen, X., & Cheng, Y. (2018). Urbanisation and Its Consequences. Demography, Vol. II, 1-16.
Piorr, A., Ravetz, J., & Tosics, I. (2011). Peri-urbanisation in Europe.
PLANMalaysia. (2013). Community facility planning guidelines. Kementerian Kesejahteraan Bandar, Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan.
Rostam, K., Rosul, M., Choy, E., Nor, A., Sakawi, Z., Hashim, N., & Muhammad, A. (2010). Pembandaran dan rebakan bandar di pinggir wilayah metropolitan Klang-Langat. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 6(2), 37-50.
Saif, M. A., Zefreh, M. M., & Torok, A. (2018). Public transport accessibility: A literature review. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3311/PPtr.12072
Sulaiman, S., Abu Bakar, N., Tun Ismail, W., Mohd Pauzi, H., & Tuan Sembok, T. (2023). Poverty and well-being: The subjective well-being status of poor children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Planning Malaysia: Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, Volume 21, Issue 6, 266-281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v21i30.1400
Tao, S., He, S., Ettema, D., & Luo, S. (2022). The role of transit accessibility in influencing the activity space and non-work activity participation of different income groups. Journal of Transport and Land Use 15(1), 375-398. http://dx.doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2022.2075. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2022.2075
Tomasiello, D., Giannotti, M., & Feitosa, F. (2020). ACCESS: An agent-based model to explore job accessibility inequalities. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 81 , 101462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101462
Travisi, C., Camagni, R., & Nijkamp, P. (2010). Impacts of urban sprawl and commuting: A modelling study for Italy. Journal of Transport Geography, 18, 382-392, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2009.08.008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2009.08.008
Vulevic, A. (2016). Accessibility concepts and indicators in transportation strategic planning issues: theoretical framework and literature review. Logistics & Sustainable Transport Vol. 7, No. 1, 58-67. doi: 10.1515/jlst-2016-0006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jlst-2016-0006
Wee, B., & Cao, X. (2020). Residential self-selection in the relationship between the built environment and travel behavior: A literature review and research agenda. Advances in transport Policy and Planning, 9, 75-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.atpp.2020.08.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.atpp.2020.08.004
Weerakoon, P. (2015). How and where is urban growth? analysis of urban growth in Colombo district, Sri Lanka. A Advances in Environmental Biology, 9(4), 233-236.
Wolday, F., Naess, P., & Tonnesen, A. (2019). Workplace location, polycentrism, and car commuting. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 12(1), 785-810. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2019.1488
World Bank. (2023). Poverty and Equity Brief East Asia and Pacific. Malaysia: World Bank Group Poverty and Equity.
Yi , C., Yuan , W., & Zhigang, L. (2017). From blueprint to action: the transformation of the planning paradigm for desakota in China. Cities, Volume 60, Part B, 454-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.04.010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.04.010
Yusof, N., & Jamaluddin, Z. (2018). Kos perbelanjaan perumahan dalam kalangan penduduk kawasan perumahan kos rendah dan sederhana di Pulau Pinang. Akademika, 88(1), 167-179. https://doi.org/10.17576/akad-2018-8801-12.
Zhang, L., Zhou, J., & Hui, E.-m. (2020). Which types of shopping malls affect housing prices? From the perspective of spatial accessibility. Habitat International 96, 102118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2020.102118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2020.102118
Zheng, Z., Zhou, S., & Deng, X. (2021). Exploring both home-based and work-based jobs-housing balance by distance decay effect. Journal of Transport Geography, 93, 103043. https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/ S096669232100096X?token=CCBF6AE2E8AAE7CC663F2C2B86770900B4598003425CD9154E15DBA476A96B7A7BB456A0A3D95C1C362245DD18F4C88F&originRegion=eu-west-1&originCreation=20220804142746#catch_JTRG103043.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Copyright & Creative Commons Licence
eISSN: 0128-0945 © Year. The Authors. Published for Malaysia Institute of Planners. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
The authors hold the copyright without restrictions and also retain publishing rights without restrictions.